Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a condition of the hip joint where certain soft
tissues in between the femur (ball of the hip joint) and acetabulum (socket of the hip joint)
get pinched. This occurs when the head (ball) hits the edge of the acetabulum (socket)
rather than rolling inside the socket.
What causes femoroacetabular impingement ?
The condition occurs either when the head is not round or when the edge of the socket is
pointed down towards the head of femur.
How does femoroacetabular impingement present?
Femoroacetabular impingement usually presents with
– deep groin pain
– prolonged walking is difficult
– there may be a slight limp because of pain
– pain increases when there is associated labral tear
How is the condition diagnosed?
A detailed history and clinical examination is an essential component of the assessment. X-
rays, MRIs, and CT scans can identify the extra bone growth build up. MRIs can
demonstrate tears in the labrum.
How is the condition treated?
Non surgical treatment like antiinflammatory medications and physical therapy can
improve the condition. Activity modification and muscle strengthening exercises are also
essential.
If the condition does not improve with physical therapy, or when there is a labral tear,
surgery is recommended.
Surgery
Surgical treatment can be in the form of:
1) full open incision and correction of the
problem,
2) arthroscopic surgery, and
3) osteotomy.
Arthroscopic surgery is the preferred treatment option. Through a minimally invasive
procedure, the abnormal shaped femoral head is resurfaced and the labral tear is repaired.
What should I do after surgery?
The patient usually is put on a partial weight-bearing rehabilitation, and is slowly
progressed to range of motion and strengthening exercises.