Shoulder impingement syndrome occurs when the tendons of your rotator cuff get pinched against the roof of your shoulder joint, known as the acromion. This common issue can cause significant discomfort and restrict your shoulder’s range of motion.
Why Does It Happen?
Impingement often results from activities that involve lifting your arm above shoulder level repeatedly. For example, someone who spends a lot of time reaching overhead at work, or an athlete who frequently throws a ball, might experience this problem. Over time, these repeated motions can irritate or damage the rotator cuff tendons. Additionally, bone spurs—small bony growths—can form under the acromion, further narrowing the space for the tendons and exacerbating the condition.
What Are the Symptoms?
- General shoulder pain
- Increased pain when raising your arm above your head
- Discomfort when sleeping on the affected side
- A catching or snapping sensation when lowering the arm
- Weakness when trying to lift the arm
How Is It Diagnosed?
Diagnosis typically involves a review of your medical history and a physical examination. X-rays can reveal any abnormalities in the acromion or bone spurs, while an MRI may be used to check for tears in the rotator cuff.
Treatment Options
Non-Surgical:
For many, early-stage impingement improves with conservative treatments. Rest, ice, and anti-inflammatory medications can help reduce pain. If these methods aren’t effective, a cortisone injection might provide relief. Follow-up with physical therapy can strengthen the rotator cuff and improve shoulder coordination.
Surgical:
If conservative treatments don’t relieve your symptoms after several weeks, surgery might be necessary. The goal of the surgery, typically performed arthroscopically (using small incisions), is to create more space under the acromion to prevent further impingement.
Recovery and Rehabilitation:
After surgery, rest, ice, and anti-inflammatory medications will help manage pain. Physical therapy will be crucial to restore shoulder mobility and strength. Your therapist will guide you through exercises designed to improve joint function and prevent future issues.
By understanding and addressing shoulder impingement early, you can often return to your normal activities with less discomfort and improved shoulder function.